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The legal risks of advertising ‘sustainable aviation fuel’

July 2025: Our latest report examines the growing legal, financial and reputational risks for actors across the aviation supply chain of using the misleading term 'sustainable aviation fuel' (SAF).

The aviation industry promotes alternative fuels under the umbrella term 'sustainable aviation fuel' – but these fuels vary significantly in their actual environmental impact, from crop and virgin oil-based biofuels, to waste-derived biofuels and e-fuels.

The sector could require $19bn–$45bn in capital expenditure by 2030 – but there's a risk that vague terminology misleads consumers and investors, with companies potentially breaking consumer protection and financial law.

Find out why airlines, financiers and fuel producers should stop using the term 'SAF' and adopt clearer terminology to avoid legal liability.

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